Artikel Terkait Tutorial C
In C++ Programming, you can pass values by reference but also you can return a value by reference. To understand this feature, you should have knowledge of global variables. If a variable is defined outside every function, then that variable is called a global variable. Any part of program after global variable declaration can access global variable. Learn more about global variables. Consider this example:
In program above, the return type of function
Then the variable n is assigned to the left side of code
Example 1: Return by Reference
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int n;
int& test();
int main() {
test() = 5;
cout<<n;
return 0;
}
int& test() {
return n;
}
Output
5
Explanation
test()
is int&
. Hence this function returns by reference. The return statement is return n;
but unlike return by value. This statement doesn't return value of n, instead it returns variable n itself.Then the variable n is assigned to the left side of code
test() = 5;
and value of n is displayed.Important Things to Care While Returning by Reference.
int& test() {
int n = 2;
return n;
}
- Ordinary function returns value but this function doesn't. Hence, you can't return constant from this function.
int& test() {
return 2;
} - You can't return a local variable from this function.
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